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Irina V. Rybakova
Kostroma State University
Sergey I. Galanin
Kostroma State University
DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE WORLD HISTORY OF ENAMELMAKING: FROM THE ORIGIN OF ENAMEL TECHNOLOGY TO THE OLD RUS’ ENAMELS
Rybakova I. V., Galanin S. I. Design and technology in the world history of enamelmaking: from the origin of enamel technology to the Old Rus’ enamels. Technologies & Quality. 2022. No 3(57). P. 42–47. (In Russ.) https://doi.org//10.34216/2587-6147-2022-3-57-42-47.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34216/2587-6147-2022-3-57-42-47
УДК: 745.03+671.1+673.15+666.293
EDN: OKZJSU
Publish date: 2022-10-07
Annotation: The article deals with the peculiarities and interaction of design and technology at different stages of the world history of enamel art. The origins and prototypes of enamel art and their stepwise development from pre-enamel technologies in the enamel art are revealed. The stepwise development of various technological and visual techniques in hot jewellery enamel in historical retrospect is traced and emphasised. The art history analysis of hot enamelling studies in different countries and regions reveals the main points of enamelling development. The gradual development, influence and borrowing of different techniques, regional and technological peculiarities are underlined. The dependence of technological methods and possibilities of design relevant to different historical periods is revealed; an attempt to decipher the formulation of artistic tasks of the masters of the past is made. The authors show the long experience of working out various technological methods and the necessity of preserving and direct transfer of skills from the master craftspeople to their apprentices. Conclusions are made about the stepwise long-term development of hot-jewelled enamel technologies and the direct dependence of the artistic component on technological innovations, as well as the necessity to directly study all possibilities and properties of enamel worked out in the past.
Keywords: history of design, jewellery design, hot jewellery enamel, hot enamelling technology, history of jewellery art, artistic enamel, stylistics
Literature list: 1. Davran A. Enameling applications on metal from past to future. Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences. Izmir, 2011. 80 р. 2. Werge-Hartley J. Enamelling on Precious Metals. Nebraska. Crowood Press, Print, 2002. 176 р. 3. Ball R. Enamelling. London. A and C Black, 2006. 128 р. 4. Cohen K. L. The art of fine enameling. 2nd ed. Guilford, Connecticut. Stackpole Books, 2019. 320 p. 5. Marshall F. Catalogue of the jewellery, Greek, Etruscan, and Roman, in the departments of antiquities, British Museum. London, 1911. 400 р. 6. Edwards I., Eiddon S. Tutankhamun's jewelry. New York. Metropolitan Museum of Art, USA, 1976. 48 р. 7. Andrews C. A. R. Catalogue of Egyptian Antiquities in the British Museum. Vol. 6. Jewellery 1, From the Earliest Times to the Seventeenth Dynasty. London, 1981. 104 р. 8. Frazer M. Medieval Church Treasuries. The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin. Winter 1985-86;43,3:60. 9. Culture of Byzantium, the second half of the VII – XII centuries Litavrin G. G., Udal'cova Z. V. ed. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1989. 680 p. (In Russ.) 10. Postnikova-Loseva M. M. Russian gold and silver scan. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1981. 287 p. (In Russ.) 11. Kovarskaya S. Ya., Kostina I. D., Shakurova E. V. Russian silver of the XIV – early XX century from the funds of the state museums of the Moscow Kremlin. Moscow, Sovetskaya Rossiya Publ., 1984. 249 p. (In Russ.)
Author's info: Irina V. Rybakova, Kostroma State University, Kostroma, Russia, irarybakova.v@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8437-5798
Co-author's info: Sergey I. Galanin, Kostroma State University, Kostroma, Russia, sgalanin@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5425-348X